Note-Taking Cheat Sheet

The five signals, the words that flag them, and keyboard shorthand — one page.

The five signals — what to keep

SignalWhat to keep
definitiona term being pinned down ("a wage is the price of labor")
causeone thing driving another ("scarce workers -> wages rose")
numbera figure you couldn't reconstruct later (a date, a %, a count)
named-thingthe proper noun the talk hangs on (a person, event, law, place)
contrastthe turn: but, however, on the other hand

Signal words — how to hear them

SignalYou hear
definition"the definition of…", "what we mean by…", "is defined as…"
cause"this leads to…", "as a result…", "because…", "which is why…"
number / list"there are three…", "first… second…", any figure said slowly
named-thing"the work of…", "a case in point is…", a name said with weight
contrast"but", "however", "on the other hand", "in contrast"
for examplean illustration, a moment to breathe — not a new point

Keyboard shorthand — four rules

Symbols for relationships

->
leads to / causes
=
is
>
more than
^
up
dn
down

Slash the function words

w/
with
w/o
without
b/c
because
b/w
between

Truncate to the stem

mgmt
management
dept
department
dev
development
gov't
government

Standard academic

e.g.
for example
i.e.
that is
cf
compare
etc.
and so on
NB
note well